CAO101 introduces undergraduate foundation year students to the fundamental concepts of computer architecture and the organization of digital systems. The course explores how computers process information through hardware components such as the CPU, memory, input/output devices, and data storage systems. Students will examine topics including data representation, instruction execution, system performance, and the interaction between hardware and software. Through hands-on activities, simulations, and analytical exercises, students will gain a practical understanding of how computer systems are designed, structured, and optimized for efficient operation.